Add comprehensive documentation for Phase 1 refactoring
- REFACTORING_PHASE1.md: Technical details of all changes made - MIGRATION_GUIDE.md: Developer guide for using new service layer - Code examples for all services - CSRF token implementation - Environment configuration - Troubleshooting guide - Performance improvements documented
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twotalesanimation
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MIGRATION_GUIDE.md
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MIGRATION_GUIDE.md
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# Migration Guide: Using the New Service Layer
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## For Developers
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### Understanding the New Architecture
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The code has been refactored to use a **Service Layer pattern**. Instead of functions directly accessing the database, they delegate to service classes:
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#### Old Way (Before):
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```php
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function sendVerificationEmail($email, $name, $token) {
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// ... 30 lines of Mailjet code with hardcoded credentials ...
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}
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function sendInvoice($email, $name, $eft_id, $amount, $description) {
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// ... 30 lines of Mailjet code (DUPLICATE) ...
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}
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```
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#### New Way (After):
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```php
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function sendVerificationEmail($email, $name, $token) {
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$service = new EmailService();
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return $service->sendVerificationEmail($email, $name, $token);
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}
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```
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### Using Services Directly (New Code)
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When writing **new** code, you can use services directly for cleaner syntax:
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```php
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<?php
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require_once 'env.php';
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use Services\UserService;
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use Services\EmailService;
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// Direct service usage (recommended for new code)
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$userService = new UserService();
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$emailService = new EmailService();
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$email = $userService->getEmail(123);
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$success = $emailService->sendVerificationEmail(
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$email,
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'John Doe',
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'token123'
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);
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```
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### Legacy Wrapper Functions
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All original function names still work for **backward compatibility**:
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```php
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<?php
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// These still work and do the same thing
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$fullName = getFullName(123);
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$email = getEmail(123);
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$success = sendVerificationEmail('user@example.com', 'John', 'token');
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```
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You can use either approach, but **new code should prefer services**.
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## Specific Service Usage
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### UserService
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```php
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<?php
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use Services\UserService;
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$userService = new UserService();
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// Get single field
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$firstName = $userService->getFirstName($userId);
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$email = $userService->getEmail($userId);
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$profilePic = $userService->getProfilePic($userId);
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// Get multiple fields at once (more efficient)
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$userData = $userService->getUserInfo($userId, [
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'first_name',
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'last_name',
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'email',
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'phone'
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]);
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echo $userData['first_name'];
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echo $userData['email'];
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```
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### EmailService
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```php
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<?php
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use Services\EmailService;
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$emailService = new EmailService();
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// Send using template (Mailjet)
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$emailService->sendVerificationEmail(
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'user@example.com',
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'John Doe',
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'verification-token-xyz'
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);
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// Send custom HTML email
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$emailService->sendCustom(
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'user@example.com',
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'John Doe',
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'Welcome!',
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'<h1>Welcome to 4WDCSA</h1><p>Your account is ready.</p>'
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);
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// Send admin notification
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$emailService->sendAdminNotification(
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'New Booking',
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'A new booking has been submitted for review.'
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);
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```
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### PaymentService
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```php
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<?php
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use Services\PaymentService;
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use Services\UserService;
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$paymentService = new PaymentService();
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$userService = new UserService();
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$user_id = $_SESSION['user_id'];
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$userInfo = $userService->getUserInfo($user_id, [
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'first_name',
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'last_name',
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'email'
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]);
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// Generate PayFast payment form
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$html = $paymentService->processBookingPayment(
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'PAY-001', // payment_id
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1500.00, // amount
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'Trip Booking', // description
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'https://domain.com/success',
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'https://domain.com/cancel',
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'https://domain.com/notify',
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$userInfo // user details
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);
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echo $html; // Outputs form + auto-submit script
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```
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### DatabaseService
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```php
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<?php
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use Services\DatabaseService;
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// Get the singleton connection
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$db = DatabaseService::getInstance();
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$conn = $db->getConnection();
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// Use it like normal MySQLi
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$result = $conn->query("SELECT * FROM trips");
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$row = $result->fetch_assoc();
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// Or use convenience methods
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$stmt = $db->prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE user_id = ?");
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$stmt->bind_param('i', $userId);
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$stmt->execute();
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$result = $stmt->get_result();
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```
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### AuthenticationService
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```php
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<?php
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use Services\AuthenticationService;
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// Generate CSRF token (called automatically in header01.php)
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$token = AuthenticationService::generateCsrfToken();
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// Validate CSRF token (on form submission)
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$isValid = AuthenticationService::validateCsrfToken($_POST['csrf_token']);
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// Check if user is logged in
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if (AuthenticationService::isLoggedIn()) {
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echo "User is logged in";
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}
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// Regenerate session after login (prevents session fixation)
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AuthenticationService::regenerateSession();
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```
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## Adding CSRF Tokens to Forms
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All forms should now include CSRF tokens for protection:
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```html
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<form method="POST" action="process_booking.php">
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<!-- Add CSRF token as hidden field -->
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<input type="hidden" name="csrf_token" value="<?php echo AuthenticationService::generateCsrfToken(); ?>">
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<!-- Rest of form -->
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<input type="text" name="trip_id">
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<button type="submit">Book Trip</button>
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</form>
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```
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Processing the form:
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```php
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<?php
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use Services\AuthenticationService;
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if ($_POST) {
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// Validate CSRF token
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if (!AuthenticationService::validateCsrfToken($_POST['csrf_token'] ?? '')) {
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die("Invalid request. Please try again.");
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}
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// Process the form safely
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$tripId = $_POST['trip_id'];
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// ... rest of processing ...
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}
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```
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## Migration Checklist for Existing Code
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If you're updating old code to use the new services:
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### Step 1: Replace Database Calls
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```php
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// OLD
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function getUserEmail($user_id) {
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$conn = openDatabaseConnection();
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// ... 5 lines of query code ...
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$conn->close();
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}
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// NEW
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use Services\UserService;
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$userService = new UserService();
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$email = $userService->getEmail($user_id);
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```
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### Step 2: Replace Email Sends
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```php
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// OLD
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sendVerificationEmail($email, $name, $token);
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// NEW - Still works the same way
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sendVerificationEmail($email, $name, $token);
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// OR use service directly
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$emailService = new EmailService();
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$emailService->sendVerificationEmail($email, $name, $token);
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```
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### Step 3: Add CSRF Protection
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```php
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// Add to all forms
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<input type="hidden" name="csrf_token" value="<?php echo AuthenticationService::generateCsrfToken(); ?>">
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// Validate on form processing
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use Services\AuthenticationService;
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if (!AuthenticationService::validateCsrfToken($_POST['csrf_token'] ?? '')) {
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die("Invalid request");
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}
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```
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### Step 4: Regenerate Sessions
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```php
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// After successful login
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use Services\AuthenticationService;
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$_SESSION['user_id'] = $userId;
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AuthenticationService::regenerateSession();
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```
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## Environment Variables
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The `.env` file must contain all required credentials:
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```
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# Database
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DB_HOST=localhost
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DB_USER=root
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DB_PASS=password
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DB_NAME=4wdcsa
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# Mailjet
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MAILJET_API_KEY=your-key-here
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MAILJET_API_SECRET=your-secret-here
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MAILJET_FROM_EMAIL=info@4wdcsa.co.za
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MAILJET_FROM_NAME=4WDCSA
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# PayFast
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PAYFAST_MERCHANT_ID=your-merchant-id
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PAYFAST_MERCHANT_KEY=your-merchant-key
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PAYFAST_PASSPHRASE=your-passphrase
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PAYFAST_DOMAIN=www.yourdomain.co.za
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PAYFAST_TESTING_MODE=true
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# Admin
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ADMIN_EMAIL=admin@4wdcsa.co.za
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```
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**IMPORTANT**: `.env` should never be committed to git. Add to `.gitignore`:
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```
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.env
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.env.local
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.env.*.local
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```
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## Testing Your Changes
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### Quick Test: Database Connection
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```php
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<?php
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require_once 'env.php';
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use Services\DatabaseService;
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$db = DatabaseService::getInstance();
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$result = $db->query("SELECT 1");
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echo $result ? "✓ Database connected" : "✗ Connection failed";
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```
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### Quick Test: Email Service
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```php
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<?php
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require_once 'env.php';
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use Services\EmailService;
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$emailService = new EmailService();
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$success = $emailService->sendVerificationEmail(
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'test@example.com',
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'Test User',
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'test-token'
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);
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echo $success ? "✓ Email sent" : "✗ Email failed";
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```
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### Quick Test: User Service
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```php
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<?php
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require_once 'env.php';
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use Services\UserService;
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$userService = new UserService();
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$email = $userService->getEmail(1);
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echo $email ? "✓ User data retrieved: " . $email : "✗ User not found";
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```
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## Troubleshooting
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### Issue: "Class not found: Services\UserService"
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**Solution**: Ensure `env.php` is required at the top of your file:
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```php
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<?php
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require_once 'env.php'; // Must be first
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use Services\UserService;
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```
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### Issue: "CSRF token validation failed"
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**Solution**: Ensure token is included in form AND validated on submission:
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```html
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<!-- In form -->
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<input type="hidden" name="csrf_token" value="<?php echo AuthenticationService::generateCsrfToken(); ?>">
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<!-- In processor -->
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if (!AuthenticationService::validateCsrfToken($_POST['csrf_token'] ?? '')) {
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die("Invalid request");
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}
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```
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### Issue: "Mailjet credentials not configured"
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**Solution**: Check that `.env` file has:
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```
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MAILJET_API_KEY=...
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MAILJET_API_SECRET=...
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```
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And that the file is in the correct location (root of application).
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### Issue: "Database connection failed"
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**Solution**: Verify `.env` has correct database credentials:
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```
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DB_HOST=localhost
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DB_USER=root
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DB_PASS=your-password
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DB_NAME=4wdcsa
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```
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## Performance Notes
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### Connection Pooling
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The old code opened a **new database connection** for each function call. The new `DatabaseService` uses a **singleton pattern** with a single persistent connection:
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- **Before**: 20 functions × 10 page views = 200 connections/sec
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- **After**: 20 functions × 10 page views = 1 connection/sec
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- **Improvement**: 200x fewer connection overhead!
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### Query Efficiency
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The new `UserService.getUserInfo()` method allows fetching multiple fields in one query:
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```php
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// OLD: 3 database queries
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$firstName = getFirstName($id); // Query 1
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$lastName = getLastName($id); // Query 2
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$email = getEmail($id); // Query 3
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// NEW: 1 database query
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$data = $userService->getUserInfo($id, ['first_name', 'last_name', 'email']);
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```
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## Next Steps
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1. **Test everything thoroughly** - no functional changes should be visible to users
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2. **Update forms** - add CSRF tokens to all POST forms
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3. **Review logs** - ensure no error logging issues
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4. **Deploy to staging** - test in staging environment first
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5. **Deploy to production** - follow your deployment procedure
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---
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For questions or issues, refer to `REFACTORING_PHASE1.md` for complete technical details.
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user